Komabe,Pepala la Kraft ndihkufunikira kwakukulumdziko lapansiAmagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana kuyambira zodzoladzola mpaka zakudya ndi zakumwa,Mtengo wake pamsika uli kale pa $17 biliyonindipo akuyembekezeka kupitiriza kukula.
Pa nthawi ya mliriwu, mtengo wa pepala la kraft unakwera mofulumira, pamene makampani ambiri ankaligula kuti apake katundu wawo ndikutumiza kwa makasitomala.mitengo yakwera ndi osachepera £40 pa taniza kraft ndi zobwezerezedwanso.
Sikuti makampani okha ndi omwe adakopeka ndi chitetezo chomwe chimapereka ponyamula ndi kusunga, komanso adawona kuti kubwezeretsanso kwake ngati njira yabwino yosonyezera kudzipereka kwawo ku chilengedwe.
Makampani opanga khofi nawonso sanasinthe, ndipo mapepala opangidwa ndi kraft akuyamba kupezeka kwambiri.
Ikakonzedwa, imakhala ndi mphamvu zotchinga kwambiri motsutsana ndi adani achikhalidwe a khofi (mpweya, kuwala, chinyezi, ndi kutentha), pomwe imapereka njira yopepuka, yokhazikika, komanso yotsika mtengo yogulitsira komanso yogulitsa pa intaneti.
Kodi pepala la kraft ndi chiyani ndipo limapangidwa bwanji?
Mawu akuti “kraft"" amachokera ku liwu la Chijeremani lotanthauza "mphamvu". Limafotokoza kulimba kwa pepalalo, kusinthasintha kwake, komanso kukana kung'ambika kwake - zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti likhale limodzi mwa zida zolimba kwambiri zolembera mapepala pamsika.
Pepala lopangidwa ndi kraft limawonongeka, limatha kupangidwanso, ndipo limatha kubwezeretsedwanso. Nthawi zambiri limapangidwa kuchokera ku matabwa, nthawi zambiri kuchokera ku mitengo ya paini ndi nsungwi. Ma matopewo amatha kuchokera ku mitengo yosakula bwino kapena kuchokera ku zidutswa, mikwingwirima, ndi m'mbali zomwe zimatayidwa ndi ma smake.
Zinthu zimenezi zimaphikidwa kapena kukonzedwa ndi makina mu acid sulfite kuti apange pepala losaphikidwa. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepa poyerekeza ndi kupanga mapepala wamba ndipo siiwononga chilengedwe.
Njira yopangira zinthu yakhalanso yosamalira chilengedwe pakapita nthawi, ndipo pakadali pano, madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa tani imodzi ya zinthu zopangidwayachepetsedwa ndi 82%.
Pepala lopangidwa ndi zinthu zomangira lingabwezeretsedwenso mpaka kasanu ndi kawiri lisanawonongeke konse. Ngati laipitsidwa ndi mafuta, dothi, kapena inki, ngati layeretsedwa ndi utoto, kapena ngati laphimbidwa ndi pulasitiki, silidzawonongekanso. Komabe, lidzabwezerezedwanso litakonzedwa ndi mankhwala.
Ikakonzedwa, imagwirizana ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zosindikizira zapamwamba. Izi zimapatsa makampani mwayi wabwino wowonetsa mapangidwe awo mumitundu yowala, pomwe akusunga kukongola kwenikweni, "kwachilengedwe" komwe kumaperekedwa ndi mapepala.
N’chiyani chimapangitsa kuti mapepala a kraft akhale otchuka kwambiri popaka khofi?
Pepala lopangira khofi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga khofi. Limagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zonse kuyambira m'matumba mpaka makapu otengera chakudya mpaka mabokosi olembetsera. Nazi zinthu zochepa chabe zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azikonda kwambiri khofi.
Zikukhala zotsika mtengo kwambiri
Malinga ndi SPC,Ma phukusi okhazikika ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira pamsikapa ntchito ndi mtengo wake. Ngakhale zitsanzo zina zimasiyana, thumba la pepala lapakati limadula kwambiri popanga kuposa thumba la pulasitiki lofanana.
Poyamba zingawoneke ngati pulasitiki ndi yotsika mtengo - koma izi zisintha posachedwa.
Mayiko ambiri akukhazikitsa misonkho pa mapulasitiki, zomwe zikuchititsa kuti kufunika kwa zinthu kuchepe komanso mitengo ikukwera nthawi yomweyo. Mwachitsanzo, ku Ireland, msonkho wa matumba apulasitiki unayambitsidwa, zomwe zinachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito matumba apulasitiki ndi 90%. Mayiko ambiri aletsanso mapulasitiki ogwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kokha, ndiSouth Australiakupereka chindapusa kwa mabizinesi omwe apezeka akugawa.
Ngakhale kuti mungakhalebe ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito ma pulasitiki pamalo omwe muli, n’zoonekeratu kuti si njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri.
Ngati mukufuna kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito phukusi lanu lamakono kuti likhale lolimba, khalani omasuka komanso oona mtima pankhaniyi.Zowotcha Khofi za Rubyku Nelsonville, Wisconsin, USA, yadzipereka kutsatira njira zopakira zinthu zomwe sizingakhudze chilengedwe.
Akukonzekera kuphatikiza ma phukusi opangidwa ndi manyowa 100% pazinthu zawo zonse. Amalimbikitsanso makasitomala kuti azilankhulana nawo mwachindunji ngati ali ndi mafunso okhudza ntchitoyi.
Makasitomala amakonda kwambiri
Bungwe la SPC limanenanso kuti ma phukusi okhazikika ayenera kukhala othandiza kwa anthu ndi madera osiyanasiyana pa moyo wawo wonse.
Kafukufuku akusonyeza kutimakasitomala amakonda kwambiri kulongedza mapepala kuposa pulasitikindipo angasankhe wogulitsa pa intaneti amene amapereka mapepala m'malo mwa amene sapereka mapepala. Izi zikusonyeza kuti makasitomala mwina akudziwa momwe kagwiritsidwe ntchito kawo ka ma CD kamakhudzira chilengedwe.
Chifukwa cha mtundu wa pepala lopangidwa ndi kraft, nthawi zambiri limatha kukhutiritsa nkhawa za makasitomala ndikuwathandiza kuti azigwiritsanso ntchito. Ndipotu, makasitomala amatha kubwezeretsanso zinthu akadziwa bwino kuti zidzasinthidwa kukhala zatsopano, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi pepala lopangidwa ndi kraft.
Ngati mapepala a kraft akupezeka kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ngati manyowa kunyumba, izi zimapangitsa makasitomala kuti azigwiritsanso ntchito zinthuzo, zomwe zimasonyeza momwe zinthuzo zilili zachilengedwe nthawi yonse ya moyo wawo.
Ndikofunikanso kufotokoza momwe makasitomala ayenera kugwirira ntchito pokonza zinthu zanu. Mwachitsanzo,Owotcha Khofi a Pilotku Toronto, Ontario, Canada, imauza makasitomala ake kuti ma phukusiwo adzawonongeka ndi 60% m'masabata 12 mu chidebe cha manyowa chapakhomo.
Ndi bwino kwa chilengedwe
Vuto lomwe makampani opanga ma CD amakumana nalo nthawi zambiri ndi loti anthu azibwezeretsanso. Kupatula apo, palibe chifukwa chogulira ma CD okhazikika ngati sagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Kraft paper imatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira za SPC pankhaniyi.
Mwa mitundu yonse yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zopakira, zopakira zopangidwa ndi ulusi (monga pepala la kraft) ndiosalepherakuti zibwezeretsedwenso m'mbali mwa msewu. Ku Ulaya kokha,mtengo wobwezeretsanso mapepalandi oposa 70%, chifukwa chakuti ogula amadziwa momwe angatayire ndikubwezeretsanso bwino.
Malo Ophikira Khofi a Yallahku UK amagwiritsa ntchito mapepala opangidwa ndi mapepala, chifukwa amatha kubwezeretsedwanso mosavuta m'nyumba zambiri ku UK. Kampaniyo ikunena kuti, mosiyana ndi njira zina, mapepala sadzafunika kubwezeretsedwanso pamalo enaake, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimalepheretsa anthu kubwezeretsanso zinthu.
Inasankhanso mapepala podziwa kuti zingakhale zosavuta kwa makasitomala kuwagwiritsanso ntchito, komanso kuti UK ili ndi zomangamanga zowonetsetsa kuti ma phukusiwo asonkhanitsidwa bwino, kusankhidwa, ndikubwezeretsedwanso.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-09-2022